Height of Mount Everest linked to ancient river changes from 89,000 years ago

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A fascinating study suggests that Mount Everest, which stands at 29,031.69 feet (8,848.86 m), may be taller than expected due to an ancient river “trapping” event. This geological phenomenon occurred about 89,000 years ago and involved a river located about 46 miles (75 kilometers) from the mountain. Researchers suggest that erosion resulting from this event caused a significant loss of land mass, allowing Everest to rise as much as 164 feet (50 meters). According to Adam Smith, an earth science researcher at University College London, this height difference indicates that something unusual is happening within the Himalayan region.

The Mystery of the River Arun

The height of Mount Everest exceeds that of its nearest rival, K2, by approximately 820 feet (250 meters). The height difference is intriguing, leading scientists to investigate the potential influence of surrounding river systems on the mountain’s elevation. One notable river, the Arun, flows in an atypical L-shape, breaking away from the usual straight-flowing rivers. Smith emphasizes that this strange configuration suggests that the Arun River may have been altered through a process of “capture”, diverted by the larger network of the Kosi River.

Research methods and findings

A recent study, published in the journal Nature Geoscience, used numerical models to track the evolution of the Kosi River network in China, Nepal and India. By comparing these models with the current topography, the researchers determined that the Arun River was likely captured by the Kosi around 89,000 years ago. This diversion increased erosion, creating the Arun River Gorge and removing enough land to illuminate the surrounding area, leading to the ascent of Everest.

Future research directions

The exact cause of the river’s impoundment remains uncertain. This could have been the result of one river eroding into another or the possible overflow of a glacial lake, leading to a massive flood that obliterated the natural barriers. Smith believes that Everest’s growth is ongoing and will continue until river systems fully adapt to these geological changes. Future research will focus on the gorge and other affected areas to better understand the timing and implications of this event.

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